This is a place to share, discuss, challenge, and learn about security visualization.

Interesting Pattern in Storm Worm

Posted July 22nd, 2008 by bjou
Interesting Pattern in Storm Worm

Plotted above is the used Portrange of a Storm Worm Spambot with private IP. Interesting that it (almost) stops at about Port Number 33.789, very sparse above that... Verified with multiple binaries and by the analysis of a so-called Storm Gateway (supernode) with public IP, here as well sparse data above the mentioned port, while ports between 50000 and 51000 seem to be very dense again. More information and plots on
http://honeyblog.org/archives/196-Interesting-Pattern-in-Storm-Worm-Traffic.html

For these plots, I analyzed the binaries in NetFlow data, converted it to CSV Files and did some data mining on these files with the commercial tool 'SPSS Clementine'

Picviz iptables graph

Posted July 20th, 2008 by toady
Picviz iptables graph

Graph of ten minutes of iptables logs, showing 8000 events. It was generated with the not released yet Picviz (http://sourceforge.net/projects/picviz/) program.

More details on my blog

ISSA Journel - Security Visualization: What you don’t see can hurt you

Posted July 9th, 2008 by raffy

Russ McRee wrote an article for the ISSA journel where he describes various security visualization approaches. SecViz is prominently featured, as well as a few tools, such as TNV, InetVis, and Rumint. The article also mentions DAVIX. You can read the article here.
In an older article, Russ talked about Argus – Auditing network activity. In that article, he mentions how to use AfterGlow for network traffic analysis.

Applied Security Visualization PodCast from FIRST 2008

Posted July 7th, 2008 by raffy

At the end of June, during FIRST 2008, Peter Wood and Ben Chai interviewed me about my Applied Security Visualization talk and my book. I really like how the podcast turned out. Tune in!

Visualized Storm fireworks for your 4th of July

Posted July 4th, 2008 by rmcree
Visualized Storm fireworks for your 4th of July

Turning old Storm news into a celebration of the 4th of July, we applied little AfterGlow magic to fireworks.pcap,
tcpdump -vttttnnelr /home/rmcree/pcap/fireworks.pcap | ./tcpdump2csv.pl "sip dip ttl" | perl ../graph/afterglow.pl -c /home/rmcree/afterglow/src/perl/graph/color.properties -p 2 | neato -Tgif -o fireworks.gif,
and the results look just like the fireworks we hoped they would.
For the analysis of this Storm variant, fireworks.exe, and the resulting fireworks.pcap that lead to this visualization, see http://holisticinfosec.blogspot.com/2008/07/visualized-storm-fireworks-for-your-4th.html.
Happy 4th of July!

API Calls and Imported Symbols of Nepenthes Download Binary Files

Posted June 29th, 2008 by Jaime Blasco
API Calls and Imported Symbols of Nepenthes Download Binary Files

API Calls and Imported Symbols of Nepenthes Download Binary Files

The goal of this graph is to show the api calls and the imported symbols used by malware files collected by Nepenthes.

To extrat this information I reutilize a file from Jan Goebel ´s Amun project.

I´ve added some regex to detect imported symbols.

Source Code:

"""
Jaime Blasco - jaime.blasco[at]aitsec.com
Thanks to Jan Goebel
[Amun - low interaction honeypot]

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, see
"""

import sys
import os
import re

def start(content, name):
### api
checksbin = {}
checksbin['listen'] = re.compile('\\xa4\\xad\\x2e\\xe9', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['bind'] = re.compile('\\xa4\\x1a\\x70\\xc7', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['closeSocket'] = re.compile('\\xe7\\x79\\xc6\\x79', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['accept'] = re.compile('\\xe5\\x49\\x86\\x49', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['LoadLibraryA'] = re.compile('\\x8e\\x4e\\x0e\\xec', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['WSASocketA'] = re.compile('\\xd9\\x09\\xf5\\xad', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['WSAStartup'] = re.compile('\\xCB\\xED\\xFC\\x3B', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['ExitProcess'] = re.compile('\\x7e\\xd8\\xe2\\x73', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['CreateProcessA'] = re.compile('\\x72\\xfe\\xb3\\x16', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['WaitForSingleObject'] = re.compile('\\xad\\xd9\\x05\\xce', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['system'] = re.compile('\\x44\\x80\\xc2\\x77', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['SetStdHandle'] = re.compile('\\x1d\\x20\\xe8\\x77', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['GetProcAddress'] = re.compile('\\xcc\\x10\\xbe\\x77', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['URLDownloadToFileA'] = re.compile('\\x36\\x1a\\x2f\\x70', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['connect'] = re.compile('\\xec\\xf9\\xaa\\x60', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['socket'] = re.compile('\\x6e\\x0b\\x2f\\x49', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['socket2'] = re.compile('\\x83\\x53\\x83\\x00', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['send'] = re.compile('\\xa4\\x19\\x70\\xe9', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['receive'] = re.compile('\\xb6\\x19\\x18\\xe7', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['WinExec'] = re.compile('\\x98\\xfe\\x8a\\x0e', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['WriteFile'] = re.compile('\\x1f\\x79\\x0a\\e8', re.S|re.I)
checksbin['Unknown (sign for correct decryption)'] = re.compile('\\x68\\x33\\x32\\x00\\x00\\x68\\x77\\x73\\x32\\x5F', re.S|re.I)

### plain
checksplain = {}
checksplain['possible windows cmd'] = re.compile('\\x63\\x6d\\x64', re.S|re.I)
checksplain['http address'] = re.compile('\\x68\\x74\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f', re.S|re.I)
checksplain['ftp address'] = re.compile('\\x66\\x74\\x70\\x3a\\x2f\\x2f', re.S|re.I)
checksplain['tftp.exe'] = re.compile('\\x74\\x66\\x74\\x70\\x2e\\x65\\x78\\x65', re.S|re.I)
checksplain['WSAStartup'] = re.compile('\\x57\\x53\\x41\\x53\\x74\\x61\\x72\\x74\\x75\\x70', re.S|re.I)
checksplain['WSASocketA'] = re.compile('\\x57\\x53\\x41\\x53\\x6f\\x63\\x6b\\x65\\x74\\x41', re.S|re.I)
checksplain['GetProcAddress'] = re.compile('\\x47\\x65\\x74\\x50\\x72\\x6f\\x63\\x41\\x64\\x64\\x72\\x65\\x73\\x73',re.S|re.I)
checksplain['CreateProcessA'] = re.compile('\\x43\\x72\\x65\\x61\\x74\\x65\\x50\\x72\\x6f\\x63\\x65\\x73\\x73\\x41', re.S|re.I)
checksplain['CreateFileA'] = re.compile('\\x43\\x72\\x65\\x61\\x74\\x65\\x46\\x69\\x6c\\x65\\x41', re.S|re.I)

### plain imported symbols
checksplainimport = {}
checksplainimport['kernel32'] = re.compile('\\x6b\\x65\\x72\\x6e\\x65\\x6c\\x33\\x32',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['USER32'] = re.compile('\\x55\\x53\\x45\\x52\\x33\\x32',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['MSVCR80'] = re.compile('\\x4d\\x53\\x56\\x43\\x52\\x38\\x30',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['ws2_32'] = re.compile('\\x77\\x73\\x32\\x5f\\x33\\x32',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['shell32'] = re.compile('\\x73\\x68\\x65\\x6c\\x6c\\x33\\x32',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['gdi32'] = re.compile('\\x67\\x64\\x69\\x33\\x32',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['oleaut32'] = re.compile('\\x6f\\x6c\\x65\\x61\\x75\\x74\\x33\\x32',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['advapi32'] = re.compile('\\x61\\x64\\x76\\x61\\x70\\x69\\x33\\x32',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['COMCTL32'] = re.compile('\\x43\\x4f\\x4d\\x43\\x54\\x4c\\x33\\x32',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['wsock32'] = re.compile('\\x77\\x73\\x6f\\x63\\x6b\\x33\\x32',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['URLMON'] = re.compile('\\x55\\x52\\x4c\\x4d\\x4f\\x4e',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['msvcrt'] = re.compile('\\x6d\\x73\\x76\\x63\\x72\\x74',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['CRTDLL'] = re.compile('\\x43\\x52\\x54\\x44\\x4c\\x4c',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['WININET'] = re.compile('\\x57\\x49\\x4e\\x49\\x4e\\x45\\x54',re.S|re.I)
checksplainimport['ntdll'] = re.compile('\\x6e\\x74\\x64\\x6c\\x6c',re.S|re.I)

keys = checksplain.keys()
for key in keys:
match = checksplain[key].search(content)
if match:
print name + "," + key + ",2"

keys = checksbin.keys()
for key in keys:
match = checksbin[key].search(content)
if match:
print name + "," + key + ",2"

keys = checksplainimport.keys()
for key in keys:
match = checksplainimport[key].search(content)
if match:
print name + "," + key + ",1"

if __name__ == '__main__':
list = os.listdir("binaries/")
for filename in list:
if os.path.exists("binaries/" + filename):
fp = open("binaries/" + filename, 'r')
content = "".join(fp.readlines())
fp.close()
start(content, filename)

The CSV file looks like:
...
50c0c0fa44ed9e09bbe9558c61e22006,http address,2
50c0c0fa44ed9e09bbe9558c61e22006,gdi32,1
50c0c0fa44ed9e09bbe9558c61e22006,kernel32,1
50c0c0fa44ed9e09bbe9558c61e22006,ws2_32,1
50c0c0fa44ed9e09bbe9558c61e22006,oleaut32,1
50c0c0fa44ed9e09bbe9558c61e22006,USER32,1
50c0c0fa44ed9e09bbe9558c61e22006,shell32,1
50c0c0fa44ed9e09bbe9558c61e22006,advapi32,1
849c5ae144ed43741d1c2eb4d0cd552a,possible windows cmd,2
849c5ae144ed43741d1c2eb4d0cd552a,CreateProcessA,2
849c5ae144ed43741d1c2eb4d0cd552a,kernel32,1
849c5ae144ed43741d1c2eb4d0cd552a,MSVCR80,1
...
...

1: Imported Symbol
2: Api call

And the color.properties file to generate the grah with afterglow:

color.target="lightblue" if ($fields[2]==2)
color.target="green" if ($fields[2]==1)
color.source="red"

Applied Security Visualization - FIRST 2008 Talk

Posted June 26th, 2008 by raffy

I taught a workshop in Vancouver at the FIRST 2008 conference. I put the slides for the talk about Applied Security Visualization online. It covers parts of the book on the same topic. The outline of the talk looks as follows:

 
  • Visualization
  • Log Data Processing
  • IT Data Search
  • Charts and Graphs
  • Visualization Tools
  • DAVIX
  • Perimeter Threat
  • Compliance

    • The podcast discussing the presentation.

    Malware Files Collected By Nepenthes - Imported Symbols Relation

    Posted June 21st, 2008 by Jaime Blasco
    Malware Files Collected By Nepenthes - Imported Symbols Relation

    With several binaries collected by nepenthes I have correlate the imported symbols with python module pefile and generate an interesting graph.

    CSV:
    ...
    ...
    b02a18d2dca59219b86354a442a95b0e,USER32.DLL
    146d61fca77d748f5a5ecff53afd30e4,KERNEL32.DLL
    146d61fca77d748f5a5ecff53afd30e4,COMCTL32.DLL
    95a7a3e5ea764eed286b53623f9521ab,KERNEL32.DLL
    2059abe419dfeca527b7cf5b53bbee6f,KERNEL32.DLL
    005472c686a5f84ad8e2dea597f50e1d,KERNEL32.DLL
    005472c686a5f84ad8e2dea597f50e1d,ADVAPI32.DLL
    005472c686a5f84ad8e2dea597f50e1d,MPR.DLL
    005472c686a5f84ad8e2dea597f50e1d,OLEAUT32.DLL
    ...
    ...

    Regards

    VizSec 2008 Call for Posters and Demos

    Posted June 20th, 2008 by jgoodall

    VizSEC 2008 Workshop on Visualization for Cyber Security
    http://vizsec.org/workshop2008/
    September 15, 2008 / Cambridge, MA USA
    In conjunction with RAID 2008

    Submission deadlines:
    Poster and Demo submissions - July 18, 2008

    VizSec is accepting submissions (2 page abstract) for posters and demonstrations. Poster and Demo abstracts will be made available on the VizSec web site.

    Posters
    Posters can be used to describe work in progress or updates to previously published VizSec research or R&D. Poster submissions should consist of a 2 page abstract. Poster will be presented at the VizSec/RAID reception. Abstracts will be made available on the web site.

    Demos
    Demonstrations can be used to show new or updated development efforts. Demo submissions should consist of a 2 page abstract. Demonstrations will take place at the VizSec/RAID reception. (You will need to bring a laptop for demos.) Abstracts will be made available on the web site.

    http://vizsec.org/workshop2008/

    Nepenthes log correlated with ClamAV and ip2country

    Posted June 19th, 2008 by Jaime Blasco
    Nepenthes log correlated with ClamAV and ip2country

    This file is the result of correlating data from Nepenthes, ip2country and ClamAV, the process is described in the paper
    An approach to malware collection log visualization by Jaime Blasco

    Regards

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